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Textile Research Journal
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Studies of Detergency

Part II : Contribution of Influencing Factors—Analysis of Variance

Yoshiaki Komeda

Household Goods Research Laboratories, Kao Soa p Co., Ltd., Bunka, Sumida-ku, Tokyo, Ja pan

Junryo Mino

Household Goods Research Laboratories, Kao Soa p Co., Ltd., Bunka, Sumida-ku, Tokyo, Ja pan

Tetsuya Imamura

Research Laboratories, Kao Soap Co., Ltd., Wakayama-shi, Japan

Fumikatsu Tokiwa

Research Laboratories, Kao Soap Co., Ltd., Wakayama-shi, Japan

The difficulty or ease of soil removal from soiled fabrics has been studied. Cotton, nylon, polyester, and wool fabrics were soiled with five oily soils and were laundered with eight different detergents under various washing conditions.

Variable bath components were surfactant types, water hardnesses, detergent concentrations, and bath temperatures.

The contribution of such fabrics, soil, detergents, and bath conditions were estimated by the analysis of variance.

The contributions of these factors increase in the following order: (a) (Fabric) > (Fabric) X (Soil) > (Soil) > (Others) when water hardness is chosen as a variable; (b) (Fabric) > (Concentration) > (Fabric) X (Soil) > (Soil) > (Others) when detergent concentration is chosen as a variable; (c) (Fabric) > (Fabric) X (Soil) > (Others) when wash temp erature is chosen as a variable.

For each condition, the detergent contribution of fabric is the largest, while that of mutual interaction between fabric and soil is also very large. ,

The analysis of variance suggested that the difficulty or ease of soil removal is determined mainly by the combination fabric and soil; the type of fabric or the mutual interaction between fabric and soil is also an important factor in deter mining the degree of soil removal.

Surfactants are classified by pattern analysis, based on the detergent contribution of the various factors in detergent systems.

Key Words: Cotton fabric • nylon fabric • Polyester fabric • wool fabric • fabrics. Laundering. Liquid paraffin • carbon black • olive oil • lanolin • palmitic acid • oily soils • C12-C18 sodium sulfonates • C12-C18 sodium sulfates • surfactants • ether • tetra chlorethylene. Soil composition • water hardness • detergent concentration • temperature • time. Reflectance • soil removal • variance analysis • mutual interaction • contribution • surfactant classification • pattern analysis • detergent.

Textile Research Journal, Vol. 40, No. 8, 733-740 (1970)
DOI: 10.1177/004051757004000810
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