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Structure and Properties of Cotton Fibers from Controlled Growth Environments

Southern Regional Research Laboratory, New Orleans, Louisiana 70119 U. S. A.

Clifton J. Egle, JR

Southern Regional Research Laboratory, New Orleans, Louisiana 70119 U. S. A.

Donald Mitcham

Southern Regional Research Laboratory, New Orleans, Louisiana 70119 U. S. A.

Robert D. Powell

Department of Plant Sciences, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas

The influences of growth environment on gross and fine structures, mechanical properties, and responses to chemical treatments were determined from cotton fibers of Rex and Texas Marker-1 varieties grown under ranges of controlled environment. Cell walls of fibers composed of cellulose deposited at constant and varying temperatures were found to differ in many of their properties. The cell wall thickens more slowly at lower than at higher temperatures and the walls are thinner even though the wall development periods are longer. Properties of fibers indicate that cellulose from the low-temperature environment is less compact and more responsive to chemical reagents than from the high temperatures. The fibers from low temperatures are weaker and more extensible. Relationships between cell wall thickness, fine structure, mechanical properties and chemical reactivities are illustrated.

Key Words: Cd-57 cotton • Rex cotton variety • Texas Marker-1 (TM-1) cotton • Deltapine cotton variety • cotton. Humidity • temperature • soil moisture • illumination • growth environment. Formic acid • DMEU • NaOH. Boll period • linear density • spiral reversals • fiber maturity • fine structure • cell wall development • x-ray angle • spiral angle • crystallite orientation • strength • elongation • tensile modulus • tensile recovery • chemical reactivities • chemical responses • cell wall structure. Controlled growth • physical testing • reactions (chemical).

Textile Research Journal, Vol. 40, No. 8, 740-749 (1970)
DOI: 10.1177/004051757004000811


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