This Article Full Text (PDF) References Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Nakanishi, S. Articles by Hashimoto, T. Search for Related Content Social Bookmarking                         What's this?

Pyrolytic Gas Generation of Cotton Cellulose With and Without Flame Retardants at Different Stages of Thermal Degradation: Effects of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Halogens

Department of Clothing, Japan Women's University, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, Japan

Fumi Masuko

Department of Clothing, Japan Women's University, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, Japan

Katsuaki Hori

Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo, Japan

Toshimasa Hashimoto

Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo, Japan

This study analyzes pyrolytic gases generated at various temperature ranges to observe changes in gas generation behavior dynamically in the process of thermal degradation. Cotton cellulose, a most flammable sample, is treated with compounds containing nitrogen and/or phosphorus as well as halogens with and without nitrogen. Each sample is heated thermogravimetrically, and pyrolytic gases are collected at various selected temperatures on the thermogravimetric curve for gas chromatographic and mass-spectrometric deter minations. The results reveal that flame retardant samples show extremely reduced amounts and fewer numbers of gas products compared with flammable samples, and some gases from flame retardant samples decrease with rising temperature, even disappearing at 500°C in the case of the (NH₄)₂HPO₄-treated sample when flammable samples show further increases. Moreover, there is a considerable amount of toxic acrolein in flammable samples, but it is not detected or the amounts are much smaller in flame retardant samples. Acetonitrile, an effective radical scavenger, is found only in samples exposed to the synergistic effects of nitrogen and phosphorus or bromine. The results confirm that flame retardation works not only to inhibit combustion and subsequent gas generation, but also to scavenge pyrolytic gases already formed, resulting in a reduction or quenching of hazardous gas generation.

Textile Research Journal, Vol. 70, No. 7, 574-583 (2000)
DOI: 10.1177/004051750007000703


CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter    What's this?