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Textile Research Journal
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Yarn Pull-Out as a Mechanism for Dissipating Ballistic Impact Energy in Kevlar® KM-2 Fabric

Part II: Predicting Ballistic Performance

John E. Kirkwood

Department of Chemical Engineering and Center for Composite Materials, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, U.S.A.

Keith M. Kirkwood

Department of Chemical Engineering and Center for Composite Materials, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, U.S.A.

Young Sil Lee

Department of Chemical Engineering and Center for Composite Materials, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, U.S.A.

Ronald G. Egres, JR

Department of Chemical Engineering and Center for Composite Materials, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, U.S.A.

Norman J. Wagner

Department of Chemical Engineering and Center for Composite Materials, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, U.S.A.

Eric D. Wetzel

Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005, U.S.A.

The energy absorbed in ballistic fabrics is modeled by assuming yarn pull-out, including yarn uncrimping and translation, as the primary energy absorption mechanism. Using a semi-empirical model of yarn pull-out based on laboratory tests, predictions of fabric ballistic performance are compared to ballistic test results. The study demonstrates that quasi-static pull-out results can be correlated quantitatively with yarn pull-out during ballistic impact.

Textile Research Journal, Vol. 74, No. 11, 939-948 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/004051750407401101
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