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Cometabolic Decolorization of the Reactive Azo Dye Orange II by Geobacillus stearothermophilus UCP 986

Pos-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Católica Pernambuco, Rua Nunes Machado, 42, Boa Vista. 50.050-590, Recife, PE, Brasil

Clarissa D. Albuquerque

Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Católica Pernambuco, Rua Nunes Machado, 42, Boa Vista. 50.050-590, Recife, PE, Brasil, Departamento de Estatística e Ciências da Computação, Universidade Católica Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil

Regine Helena S. F. Vieira

Instituto de Ciências do Mar-LABOMAR, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil

Galba M. Campos-Takaki

Departamento de Química e Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Católica Pernambuco, Rua Nunes Machado, 42, Boa Vista. 50.050-590, Recife, PE, Brasil, takaki{at}unicap.br

The decolorization of solutions containing the textile reactive dye Orange II by the bacteria Geobacillus stearothermophilus (UCP 986) was investigated. The experiments were statistically evaluated by two-level-four factor (2 ⁴) full factorial design, as aeration, azo dye concentration, inoculum size, and culture media. The best results were with Luria Bertani (LB) medium under aeration, and the decolorization efficiency meant that 96—98% of the azo dye was removed after 24 h of incubation. The efficiency of LB medium in color reduction was due to a co-metabolic process. Sulphanilic acid (4-aminobenzene sulphonic acid) was not detected. The testing for toxicity using the brine shrimp Artemia salina showed the absence of toxic metabolites during the decolorization process; however, when the concentration of the dye and agitation were high (0.050 mM and 150 rpm) the shrimp showed high mortality rates (LC₅₀ (lethal dose — assay concentration able to cause 50% of death) 49.28% v/v). The parameters such as culture medium and agitation are significantly important to the decolorization of the Orange II process. G. stearothermophilus (UCP 986) showed a high biotechnology potential for textile bioremediation of azo dye under the co-metabolic process.

Key Words: biodegradation • textile azo dye • toxicity • Orange II

This version was published on September 1, 2009

Textile Research Journal, Vol. 79, No. 14, 1266-1273 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/0040517508087858


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